1.We like the people with their own styles.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断——细节理解
解析本题考查阅读判断中的细节理解。文章第一段指出“我们最钦佩的人是那些有自己风格的人”，即人们欣赏有个人风格的人。题干“我们喜欢有自己风格的人”与原文表述一致，说法正确。
2022年4月自考13000英语（专升本）真题及答案解析
2022年4月全国高等教育自学考试《英语（专升本）》（课程代码13000）真题，共51题（单选题40题、填空题10题、写作题1题），每题附参考答案、考点与解析。
2022年4月真题全卷
共 51 题| 大题 | 题数 |
|---|---|
| Famous Brands | 10 |
| Self-esteem and Body Image | 5 |
| Helping Children Cope with Stress | 10 |
| The Coyote | 5 |
| Slavery in the United States | 10 |
| Rubbish: Easy to Produce, but Hard to Get Rid of | 10 |
| Writing | 1 |
题干与参考答案照录原卷；“考点”“解析”和主观题“答题要点”由本站老师整理，供复习参考。点开每题下方即可查看。
Famous Brands
Why do we always buy certain shoes or clothes that have a famous brand?Why dowe have to copy other people?The people we often admire the most are those whohave their own styles.They don't want to copy someone else's. Big companies give free products to famous people,such as sportsmen and moviestars.They intend to get people like you to buy their products.When you spenda lot of money on an expensive pair of shoes,they may not suit you.You mightenjoy more if you buy something else at the same price!Besides the brand,youmay want to know why they are asking that price.The brand may sometimes havenothing to do with the quality of the product. It can be of bad quality and badly made.This makes you think why it has thedesigner's name on it.It's very important for designers to use their creativetalent to make something beautiful.But today the making of money has becomemore important.So they just copy other products and their standards fall.Creative products should be available to people at a reasonable price.In thisway,big companies wouldn't be able to dominate(控制)the market and encouragepeople to spend too much money on their products. They are dominating the market by telling us what to buy.If you go into a toyshop or children's clothes shop,you′ll find the whole section for girls isalmost all pink.Because of the domination of big companies,the original artsand crafts are beginning to die out.It would be a real shame if these arts andcrafts were to disappear.
2.Big companies give famous people free products to attract buyers.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断——细节理解
解析本题考查细节信息的理解与判断。文章第二段明确说明大公司把免费产品送给运动员、影星等名人，目的是吸引普通人购买其产品，题干表述与原文相符，说法正确。
3.Expensive products often suit people better.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断——细节理解
解析本题考查细节判断。文章第二段提到“花很多钱买的一双昂贵的鞋可能并不适合你”，说明昂贵的产品未必更适合消费者，题干说法与原文相悖，说法错误。
4.Famous brand products are of better quality.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断——细节判断
解析本题考查细节判断。文章第二、三段指出品牌有时与产品质量无关，产品可能质量差、做工粗糙，可见名牌产品质量不一定更好，题干说法与原文相悖，说法错误。
5.Creativity is important in making good products.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断——细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。文章第三段说设计师运用创造才能制造出美的东西非常重要，即创造力对做出好产品很重要，题干说法与原文一致，说法正确。
6.Famous designers work overtime.
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参考答案C
考点阅读判断——未提及判断
解析本题考查信息有无的判断。通读全文，文章只谈及设计师的创造力与赚钱动机，并未涉及设计师是否加班工作，原文没有依据，无法判断真假，应选Not Given。
7.Young people like creative products.
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参考答案C
考点阅读判断——未提及判断
解析本题考查信息有无的判断。全文围绕品牌、创造力与大公司控制市场展开，没有提到年轻人对创造性产品的喜好，无从判断真假，应选Not Given。
8.Big companies price their products reasonably.
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参考答案B
考点阅读判断——推理判断
解析本题考查推理判断。第三段指出创造性产品应以合理价格提供，这样大公司就无法控制市场、诱使人们花过多钱财，反推可知大公司定价并不合理，题干说法错误。
9.Mothers prefer to shop for children's clothes.
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参考答案C
考点阅读判断——未提及判断
解析本题考查信息有无的判断。第四段只提到玩具店和童装店中女孩区几乎全是粉色，未提及母亲是否更喜欢给孩子买衣服，原文没有依据，应选Not Given。
10.The domination of big companies does harm to creativity.
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参考答案A
考点阅读判断——细节推理
解析本题考查细节理解与推理。第四段说明由于大公司的控制，原有的艺术和工艺开始消亡，可见大公司的支配损害了创造力，题干说法正确。
Self-esteem and Body Image
Self-esteem is all about what people think of themselves.It is importantbecause feeling good about yourself can affect how you act.People who havehigh self-esteem will make friends easily.They are more in control of theirbehavior, and will enjoy life more. Some teenagers struggle with their self-esteem when they grow into adultsbecause the body goes through many changes.Along with the changes comes anatural desire to feel accepted.What's more,they can't help but comparethemselves with others.They may compare themselves with the people around themor with actors and other famous people they see on TV,in movies,or inmagazines. The physical changes can affect how both girls and boys feel about themselves.Some girls may feel uncomfortable about their growing bodies.Others may wishthat they were developing faster.Girls may feel like being thin but boys mayfeel like they don't look big enough. It's not just body development that affects self-esteem.Many other factors canaffect a person's body image too.Family life,for example,can sometimesinfluence self-esteem.Some parents spend more time criticizing their kids andthe way they look than praising them.This can reduce kids'ability to developgood self-esteem.Also their classmates and peers may tease them about the waythey look.These sometimes can affect their self-esteem. If there are things about yourself that you want to change and you can change,do this by making goals for yourself If there are things that you can'tchange, recognize that your body is your own.It's no one's business but yourown what your body is like.Actually,to be happy with yourself,all you need todo is to change the way you see your body.
11.People with high self-esteem often
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参考答案C
考点阅读选择——细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。第一段说“自尊心强的人容易交到朋友”，由此可推知这类人朋友较多。其余选项文中均无依据，故选C。
12.Some teenagers struggle with their self-esteem because
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参考答案B
考点阅读选择——细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。第二段明确指出一些青少年在长大成人过程中因“身体经历许多变化”而在自尊方面挣扎，B项“身体变化很大”与之相符，故选B。
13.The word "tease"(Line 5,Para.4)most probably means
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参考答案A
考点阅读选择——词义猜测
解析本题考查根据上下文猜测词义。画线词所在句说同学和同伴可能tease他们的长相，而这种行为会影响自尊，可见tease是负面的“嘲笑”，laugh at与之同义，故选A。
14.To help kids develop good self-esteem,parents should
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参考答案D
考点阅读选择——推理判断
解析本题考查推理判断。第四段说父母花更多时间批评孩子而非表扬，会削弱孩子形成良好自尊的能力，反推可知父母应多表扬孩子，故选D。
15.To be happy with yourself you should
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参考答案B
考点阅读选择——细节理解
解析本题考查细节理解。末段说“要对自己满意，你所要做的只是改变看待自己身体的方式”，即要接受、爱护自己的身体，B项“爱你的身体”最贴近文意，故选B。
Helping Children Cope with Stress
Helping Children Cope with Stress ①To adults,childhood can seem to be happy and free from worries.But childrenstill experience stress.Things like school and their social life can sometimescreate pressures that are too difficult for them to deal with.While they maynot talk about their troubles,they do want their parents to reach out and helpthem. ②Children deal with stress in both healthy and unhealthy ways.As aparent,you can't protect your children from stress,but you can help themdevelop healthy ways to cope with stress and solve everyday problems.By doingso,you not only help your children handle their current stresses,but alsoprepare them to deal with future stresses.Here are a few tips for you. ③When you notice that something is upsetting your child,you need to tell yourchild about it.If you can,name the feeling you think your child isexperiencing. This shouldn't sound like blame.It's just a casualobservation,and you're interested in hearing more about your child'sconcern.Be sympathetic and show that you care and want to understand. ④Also ask your child to tell you what's wrong.Listen attentively and calmly-with interest,patience,openness,and caring.Don't hurry to make judgements.Donot blame or criticize your child for what he or she has done.The idea is tolisten to your child's concerns and feelings.Try to get the whole story bypatiently asking questions.Take your time.And let your child take his or hertime,too. ⑤Remember to be patient.As a parent,it hurts to see your child unhappy ofstressed.But you should not try to solve every problem for your child.Instead,try to help your child grow into a good problem-solver-a child who knows howto deal with life's ups and downs,express feelings in words,calm down whenneeded, and never give in to difficulties.
16.Paragraph①：____
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参考答案F
考点段落匹配——段落大意概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第一段指出童年看似无忧无虑，但孩子仍会经历压力，学校和社交生活都可能带来压力，F项“孩子有压力”最能概括全段，故选F。
17.Paragraph②：____
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参考答案A
考点段落匹配——段落大意概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第二段强调父母无法使孩子免受压力，但可以帮助孩子发展健康的应对方式并解决日常问题，A项“帮助孩子应对压力”符合段意，故选A。
18.Paragraph③：____
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参考答案B
考点段落匹配——段落大意概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第三段建议父母发现孩子心烦时说出其感受，表示同情，让孩子感到父母关心并愿意理解，B项“表达你的关心”符合段意，故选B。
19.Paragraph④：____
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参考答案E
考点段落匹配——段落大意概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第四段核心内容是让孩子说出问题，父母带着兴趣和耐心认真倾听、不急于评判，E项“倾听你的孩子”最能概括段意，故选E。
20.Paragraph⑤：____
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参考答案C
考点段落匹配——段落大意概括
解析本题考查段落大意概括。第五段开头即点明“记住要有耐心”，并强调让孩子按自己的节奏讲述，C项“对孩子要有耐心”符合段意，故选C。
21.Children can meet pressures _____.
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参考答案E
考点应用文写作——电子邮件
- 开头回应John想学汉语的想法，明确表示支持其决定
- 建议主动与中国人交流，多听多说，提高口语和交际能力
- 建议听广播、看电视练习听力，阅读简单的中文报刊书籍和杂志
- 可听中文歌曲辅助学习，鼓励其坚持不懈以实现目标
- 结尾表达美好祝愿，署名Li Ke
解析本题考查电子邮件写作。题目要求覆盖两个要点：一是明确支持John学汉语并表达肯定态度；二是给出具体学习建议，如多与人交流、听广播看电视练听力、读简易中文报刊书籍、听中文歌等。格式上应有称呼、正文、结束语和署名Li Ke。范文要点齐全、结构清晰、语言得体，符合要求。
22.Parents can help their children cope with stress _____.
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参考答案B
考点补全句子——细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第二段说父母可以帮孩子发展健康的方式来应对压力、解决日常问题，与B项“in healthy ways”对应，故选B。
23.Talk to your child when he/she is _____.
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参考答案A
考点补全句子——细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第三段说当你注意到某事让孩子心烦（即孩子遇到麻烦）时，需要与孩子谈论它，与A项“in trouble”对应，故选A。
24.Don't blame your child for _____.
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参考答案D
考点补全句子——细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第四段明确说“不要因为孩子所做的事情而责备或批评他/她”，与D项“what he/she has done”对应，故选D。
25.Parents should teach their children _____.
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参考答案F
考点补全句子——细节信息匹配
解析本题考查细节信息匹配。第五段建议父母帮助孩子成长为善于解决问题的人，即教会孩子自己解决问题，与F项“to solve problems themselves”对应，故选F。
The Coyote
The coyote is a relative of the dog and the wolf.Like its relatives,it mostlyfeeds on other animals.It will,however,eat a wide variety of foods,includinginsects,fruits and vegetables. Coyotes are found throughout most of North America,from Mexico and CentralAmerica to Canada and Alaska.The color of its coat depends on where it lives.26____. Like the wolf,coyotes live in groups,or packs.The coyote pack is usuallysmaller than a wolf pack.27____ The pack will often divide into pairs tohunt.Female coyotes give birth to baby coyotes once a year.Over half of thebabies will die before they reach adulthood.Male babies usually leave the packto find their own territory. 28____ Wolves and coyotes compete for the same animals for food.Since the coyote issmaller than the wolf,wolves will usually drive the coyote out of any sharedliving area. The coyote adapts easily to new areas.Unlike the wolf,the coyote's living areaincreased when more and more people settled across North America.29____ Oncethe New England settlers eliminated wolves,the coyote moved in.Scientists whohave studied the coyote believe it is better than the wolf at living in humanareas. 30____ They find enough supply of food in these areas,since coyotes arewilling to eat garbage,rodents (such as rabbits and mice)and even small pets.Scientists estimate that as many as 2,000 coyotes may be living in the Chicagoarea.
26.26____.
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参考答案E
考点短文填句——语篇衔接连贯
解析本题考查语篇衔接。空前说“皮毛颜色取决于它生活的地方”，E项“山地丛林狼比沙漠中的颜色深”举例说明栖息地与毛色的关系，语义连贯，故选E。
27.27____
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参考答案D
考点短文填句——语篇衔接连贯
解析本题考查语篇衔接。空格前后均围绕族群（pack）话题展开，D项“族群的所有成员通常都有亲缘关系”与上下文衔接自然，故选D。此类把握不大的题目可先完成有把握的题目，再用排除法确定。
28.28____
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参考答案A
考点短文填句——语篇衔接连贯
解析本题考查语篇衔接。空前说“雄性幼崽通常离开族群寻找自己的领地”，A项“雌性幼崽留在亲代族群中”与之形成male和female的对照，逻辑连贯，故选A。
29.29____
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参考答案F
考点短文填句——语篇衔接连贯
解析本题考查语篇衔接。空前说丛林狼栖息地随人们在北美定居而扩大，空后说“一旦新英格兰定居者消灭了狼，丛林狼便迁入”，F项“例如丛林狼并非新英格兰原生物种”承上启下，故选F。
30.30____
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参考答案C
考点短文填句——语篇衔接连贯
解析本题考查语篇衔接。空后说“它们在这些地区能找到足够食物……估计芝加哥地区约有2000只丛林狼”，C项“如今大多数大城市都有丛林狼”中的large cities与these areas、Chicago照应，故选C。
Slavery in the United States
In most parts of the United States in the early 1800s,blacks had no rights atall.They did not have the right to vote.It was against the 31___ for them togo to school with whites.In some states,it was even 32___ for them to learn toread and write.Free people had the right to come and go as they 33___, butslaves had to have a pass,or paper:from their 34___ in order to leave themaster's land.Slaves were often 35___ from their families when they were sold.They had to work very 36___ hours,but were not paid.If they did not do as theywere told,they could be beaten.If they tried to escape,they were hunted downwith dogs,and could be tortured or even 37___ when caught. Until about 1800,there were slaves in 38___ every state in the United States.But slaves were not a big part of the Northern way of 39___ .Northernfactories hired workers and did not use slaves.By 1850,all Northern states hadmade slavery illegal. In the Southern states,however,most of the field workers were slaves;one outof every four families 40___ slaves.These people were often rich and had largefarms.
31.31___
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参考答案H
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的名词辨析。空格前有冠词the，需填名词。“违背法律”用against the law，即黑人与白人同校上学是违背法律的，故选H law。
32.32___
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参考答案D
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的形容词辨析。be动词后需接形容词；结合上文“违背法律”，在一些州里学读写甚至是“违法的”，illegal（非法的）符合句意，故选D。
33.33___
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参考答案K
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的动词辨析。as引出方式状语，从句缺谓语动词；自由人可“随心所欲”地来去，用as they liked，liked符合句意，故选K。
34.34___
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参考答案B
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的名词辨析。their后需接名词；奴隶须持有“主人”出具的通行证才能离开主人的土地，与后文master's land呼应，故选B master。
35.35___
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参考答案C
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的动词辨析。be动词后需接过去分词构成被动；奴隶被卖时常与家人“分离”，be separated from为固定搭配，故选C。
36.36___
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参考答案I
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的形容词辨析。修饰名词hours需用形容词；奴隶“工作很长时间却没有报酬”，work long hours为常见搭配，故选I long。
37.37___
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参考答案E
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的动词辨析。与tortured并列需用过去分词；逃跑被抓者可能被折磨甚至被“杀死”，语气递进，killed符合句意，故选E。
38.38___
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参考答案J
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的副词辨析。修饰every需用副词；约1800年前美国“几乎”每个州都有奴隶，almost every为固定表达，故选J almost。
39.39___
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参考答案F
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的名词辨析。介词of后需接名词；奴隶制并非北方“生活方式”的重要组成部分，way of life为固定搭配，故选F life。
40.40___
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参考答案G
考点选词填空——词义与词性辨析
解析本题考查选词填空的动词辨析。主语families与宾语slaves之间缺谓语动词；“每四户家庭中就有一户‘拥有’奴隶”，owned表拥有，符合句意，故选G。
Rubbish: Easy to Produce, but Hard to Get Rid of
We produce a lot of rubbish.There is no question about it.The amount ofrubbish we throw away is _surprising_ (surprise).Scientists report thatAmericans produce about five 41____(pound)of rubbish per person-everyday.Forty years ago,each person 42____ (produce)only half of it each day.Thereare 43____ (near)300 million people in the US.You do the math.How much rubbishdo we produce every day? In 44____ (add)to the amount of rubbish we produce,how we get rid of it isanother problem.The plastic bags that we place outside of our homes need to be45____ (carry)away every week.These bags are not 46____ (friend)to theenvironment at all. Nobody is sure how long a plastic bag takes to totally break down,becausewe've only been 47____ (use)plastic as a business for about 90 years.It is48____ (believe),however,that it may take 100 years for a plastic bag tocompletely break down.I am sure that you will feel 49____ (happy)to think thata plastic bag can live longer than the 50____ (major)of people on earth.
41.41____(pound)
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参考答案pounds
考点语法填空——名词复数
解析本题考查名词复数。pound为可数名词，空格前有数词five修饰，应用复数形式，表示“每人每天五磅”垃圾，故填pounds。
42.42____ (produce)
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参考答案produced
考点语法填空——动词过去式
解析本题考查动词时态。时间状语Forty years ago表明描述四十年前的过去情况，谓语动词应用一般过去式，故填produced。
43.43____ (near)
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参考答案nearly
考点语法填空——副词用法
解析本题考查词形转换。修饰数词300 million需用副词，near的副词形式为nearly，意为“将近、大约”，故填nearly。
44.44____ (add)
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参考答案addition
考点语法填空——固定搭配
解析本题考查固定搭配。in addition to为固定短语，意为“除……之外”，此处引出垃圾处理这一问题，故填addition。
45.45____ (carry)
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参考答案carried
考点语法填空——被动语态
解析本题考查被动语态。主语plastic bags与carry之间是被动关系，need to be done表示“需要被……”，故填过去分词carried。
46.46____ (friend)
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参考答案friendly
考点语法填空——词形转换
解析本题考查词形转换。be动词后作表语需用形容词；friend的形容词为friendly，be friendly to意为“对……友好”，此处用not说明塑料袋对环境不友好，故填friendly。
47.47____ (use)
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参考答案using
考点语法填空——现在完成进行时
解析本题考查动词时态。have been doing为现在完成进行时，表示从过去持续到现在且仍在进行的动作，与前文about 90 years呼应，故填using。
48.48____ (believe)
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参考答案believed
考点语法填空——固定搭配
解析本题考查固定句式。it is believed that为固定表达，意为“人们认为”，it作形式主语，故填believed。
49.49____ (happy)
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参考答案unhappy
考点语法填空——否定前缀
解析本题考查词形转换与语义理解。feel后需接形容词作表语；想到塑料袋比地球上大多数人“存续”得还久，人们应感到“不高兴”，需加否定前缀un-，故填unhappy。
50.50____ (major)
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参考答案majority
考点语法填空——名词形式
解析本题考查词形转换。定冠词the后需接名词，major的名词形式为majority，the majority of意为“大多数”，故填majority。
Writing
21.假设你的外国朋友 John想学习汉语，征求你的意见。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.支持他学汉语； 2.给出学习建议。 请以Li Ke署名。
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参考答案Dear John, In your last email, you said that you wanted to learn Chinese. I was verysurprised when I heard that and I support your decision. Now, I am writing togive you some advice . I think the best way is to communicate with others. So you should go to publicplaces to listen and talk with some Chinese. In addition, you can listen tothe radio or watch television to practise listening. What's more, you can readsome simple Chinese newspapers, books or magazines. In the end, listening toChinese songs is also a good way. I think as long as you have a strong will,you are sure to achieve your goal. Best Regards, Li Ke
考点应用文写作——电子邮件
- 开头回应John想学汉语的想法，明确表示支持其决定
- 建议主动与中国人交流，多听多说，提高口语和交际能力
- 建议听广播、看电视练习听力，阅读简单的中文报刊书籍和杂志
- 可听中文歌曲辅助学习，鼓励其坚持不懈以实现目标
- 结尾表达美好祝愿，署名Li Ke
解析本题考查电子邮件写作。题目要求覆盖两个要点：一是明确支持John学汉语并表达肯定态度；二是给出具体学习建议，如多与人交流、听广播看电视练听力、读简易中文报刊书籍、听中文歌等。格式上应有称呼、正文、结束语和署名Li Ke。范文要点齐全、结构清晰、语言得体，符合要求。